Electrospinning - the significant technique of the 21st century

Abstract

Scientists around the world have gained huge interest in the technique of electrospinning in last decades. This is due to the unique properties of nano-fibrous materials coming from their structure of high porosity. Due to the large specific surface area, high porosity, pores interconnectivity, the possibility to control fibers morphology and possibility of diverse materials usage, electrospun materials have wide application areas: energy storage, sensors, filtration, protective textiles, catalysts, tissue bioengineering, transfer and release of functional components and similar. Process complexity is reflected in the number of factors that can affect fibers appearance as well as their purpose. This paper gives a review of the process of electrospinning, starting from its principle and advantages, brief history, details on the factors in the process of electrospinning, and ultimately it describes some of the most significant areas of electrospun materials potential applications.